ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Analizar la presencia de covid-19 en mujeres gestantes y pacientes neonatos. Método: Se basó en una revisión sistemática. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 15 articulos que evidenciaban información directa con el objetivo planteado. Conclusión: Se determinó que el contagio desde una madre positiva COVID-19, es poco probable que se transmita desde la fecundación hasta los 3 meses de gestación, y en el caso de que posteriormente a este lapso llegase a contagiarse la madre no provocará amenazas de perdida gestacional, sin embargo, se han presentado una minoría de casos en los cuales aumenta el riego de una labor de parto prematura. Las pacientes gestantes y sus hijos que sean diagnosticados con coronavirus serán atendidos de la misma manera que pacientes comunes ya que el virus no es más fuerte ni menos invasivo.
Objective: To analyze the presence of covid-19 in pregnant women and neonatal patients. Method: It was based on a systematic review. Results: 15 articles were selected which showed direct information with the proposed objective. Conclusion: It was determined that infection from a COVID-19 positive mother is unlikely to be transmitted from fertilization to 3 months of gestation, and in the event that the mother becomes infected after this period it will not cause threats of gestational loss, however, there have been a minority of cases in which the risk of premature labor increases. Pregnant patients and their children who are diagnosed with coronavirus will be cared for in the same way as ordinary patients since the virus is not stronger or less invasive.
ABSTRACT
Purpose To evaluate the oxidative stress in swine neonates submitted to hypoxia. Methods Ten large white piglets, healthy newborns, of both sexes, were divided into two groups and submitted to an experimental hypoxia protocol with reduced inspired oxygen fraction. The hypoxia group, composed of six animals, was submitted to oxygen reduction for 180 min. The animals in the control group, n = 4, were handled and evaluated simultaneously, but without oxygen reduction. Results 180 min after the start of the hypoxic insult, a significant difference was observed in the oximetry, and heart rate of the hypoxia group was compared to the control group (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the oxidative stress analyses. Reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), lipid peroxidation (TBARS), protein carbonyl (PC), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the piglets brain tissue were analyzed. Conclusions Hypoxia causes adverse effects in swine neonates, although there is a natural physiological resistance of swine neonates to respond to this insult. Analyses of GSH, SOD, CAT, TBARS, MPO, and PC were tabulated and are presented as parameters for further studies to be carried out on an animal model of swine hypoxia.
Subject(s)
Animals , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Hypoxia/physiopathology , Hypoxia/veterinary , Swine , Animals, Newborn , Disease Models, AnimalABSTRACT
La apendicitis neonatal es una patología infrecuente, de difícil diagnóstico y con una mortalidad elevada. Se han estudiado diversas teorías sobre su etiología que consideran que la apendicitis en el periodo neonatal podría corresponder a una manifestación de inmadurez inmunitaria. El cuadro clínico de apendicitis en este grupo etáreo no tiene las características clásicas, incluyendo signos y síntomas inespecíficos, que pueden corresponder a patologías más frecuentes como la enterocolitis necrotizante. La perforación intestinal constituye la complicación más frecuente y el diagnóstico se realiza usualmente de forma intraoperatoria. En el presente artículo, se describen dos neonatos con diagnóstico intraoperatorio de apendicitis, nacidos en la Clínica Universidad de La Sabana en el año 2016. En ellos, se destaca el cuadro clínico de presentación y manejo quirúrgico, los cuales permitieron identificar esta patología.
Neonatal appendicitis is a rare condition, difficult to diagnose, and with a high mortality. Several hypotheses on its etiology have been postulated, since appendicitis in the neonatal period may correspond to a manifestation of immune immaturity. The clinical condition of appendicitis in this age group does not have the classic features, which include signs and nonspecific symptoms that may correspond to most frequent pathologies, such as necrotizing enterocolitis. Intestinal perforation is the most frequent complication and the diagnosis is usually intraoperative. The cases described in here correspond to two newborns with intraoperative diagnosis of appendicitis, delivered in the Universidad de La Sabana Clinic in 2016. Highlights on the aforementioned clinical condition are included. Surgical management, which allowed us to identify this pathology, was described.
Subject(s)
Humans , Appendicitis , Enterocolitis, Necrotizing , Infant, Newborn , Intestinal PerforationABSTRACT
Introducción: las intervenciones y procedimientos correctamente aplicados durante el periodo neonatal disminuyen el riesgo, las complicaciones y las secuelas en el recién nacido. Es importante la adquisición de competencias durante la formación en el pregrado, con un impacto favorable en la reducción de la morbimortalidad neonatal. Objetivo: en el presente estudio se evaluó un sistema de enseñanza personalizado en el desarrollo de competencias en el manejo inmediato del recién nacido en estudiantes de Medicina, a través de un Examen Clínico Objetivo Estandarizado (ECOE). Métodos: se realizó un estudio antes y después, aplicando un sistema de enseñanza personalizado con devolución constructiva inmediata y recapacitación a los 8 días, a una población de estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad de La Sabana. Para realizar el contraste de hipótesis a las variables con distribución normal se aplicó la prueba T pareada y para las variables con distribución no normal la prueba de Wilcoxon. La información se procesó en el programa Stata 11. Se consideró un p valor < ,0,05 como estadísticamente significativo. Resultados: se observó una mejoría en las competencias con la intervención. En el resultado global (teórico mas práctico) mejoró del 60,3 por ciento al 83,14 por ciento posterior a la intervención educativa, con una diferencia de 22,82 por ciento a favor de la intervención (p < 0,001). Conclusiones: se evidencia una mejoría en las habilidades prácticas y conocimientos teóricos en las competencias del manejo inmediato del recién nacido posterior a la intervención educativa personalizada(AU)
Introduction: interventions and procedures that have been properly executed during the neonatal stage decreases risk, damage, and sequela during neonatal stage. The acquisition of clinical skills during premedical training is of the upmost importance and has a favourable impact in the decrease of neonatal morbimortality. Objective: in this study, a personalized teaching system for the development of the skills in the immediate handling of newborns by medicine students was evaluated, using an Objective Standardized Clinical Exam (OSCE). Methods: a study was done using a before and after design, where a personalized teaching system with immediate constructive feedback and retraining with a Master class after 8 days was used with medicine students of the Universidad de La Sabana. For hypothesis testing of the variable with normal distribution a paired T test was used, and for variables with abnormal distribution the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used. The information processed using the program Stata. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: improvement was observed in the acquisition of competence after intervention. The overall result (theoretical and practical) improved from 60.3 percent to 83.14 percent after the intervention education, with a difference of 22.82 percent in favor of the intervention (p <0.001). Conclusions: there is evidence of improvement in the practical skills and theoretical knowledge for the immediate handling of newborns during birth after the personalized educational intervention(AU)